Can Americans Live in Okinawa? Living Legally in Okinawa | O'Sullivan Counseling (2023)

If you're thinking about living in Okinawa, there can be a lot of things to consider and questions can pile up. And the first and most common one is: can Americans even live here?

Americansneed a Japanese visa to live in Okinawa as it's governed by Japan. U.S. military personnel are exempt from this. A person under specific orders or invitation by the U.S. DoD to work in Japan, they receive "SOFA status," giving them permission to live here, along with other privileges.

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Let's first start with how to live in Okinawa with a regular Japanese visa. Then I'll explain what SOFA status is and some thoughts on what's it like to live in Okinawa as an American.

It's important to know that I'm not an expert in legal or immigration issues. Please use this article only as a starting point.

Types of Japanese Visas (How to Live in Okinawa if You're Not SOFA Status)

If you're not active duty military or don't plan on working with the military as a civilian in Okinawa, you'll need to obtain a visa issued by the Japanese immigration office. According to June Advisors Group (visa support & business consulting in Japnan), there are 27 different types of Japanese visas that fall into 1 of 3 different categories:

  1. Working visa (this type of visa allows you to work while in Japan and Okinawa)
  2. Non-working visa (for example, a student visa; you're not allowed to work with this visa)
  3. Family visa (getting a visa due to certain family situations)

Here are the important things to know:

  • Japan only issues work visas for jobs that require a higher level of skill (there are 16 types of jobs you can do which are listed on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan's website, under the "Working Visa" heading).
  • In most situations, if you want a visa, you'll need to find a "sponsor."
    • For a work visa, this means finding an organization that will "invite" you to work for them. They will help coordinate your visa.
      • Not all organizations will sponsor visas
    • For a non-work visa, you'll still need a sponsor (for example, the school you attend will help coordinate your visa)
  • You can only have one visa at a time

Getting a Japanese Visa

Unless you're going to be a student or are married to a Japanese national, you'll most likely need to find a job to live in Okinawa. And this job will need to be with a company willing and able to sponsor your visa.

If your Japanese language skills are strong, there will be far more work opportunities for you in Okinawa, but I'm guessing, still relatively small compared to your home country/city.

For non-Japanese speaking Americans, finding work in Okinawa will be even more difficult. It's not impossible, but you'll have to dig a lot more, and it probably won't be your dream job.

Here are the most common jobs Americans find in Okinawa:

English Teaching

English teaching is a very popular way for Americans to live and work in mainland Japan. It's also possible in Okinawa.

Here are some sources to check:

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GaijinPot Jobs -https://jobs.gaijinpot.com/job/index/lang/en

Google - Do a Google search for English schools in Okinawa. See if any are hiring or willing to accept applications.

Teaching at an International School

There are some jobs at the various international schools on the island. Not all of them will hire Americans, but some will.

Here's a list of international schools in Okinawa that I try to keep updated.

Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology

OIST is probably the second largest community of English speakers on the island (much smaller of course to the U.S. military community). OIST mostly has jobs for researchers, but you can occasionally find other positions:

OIST - https://www.oist.jp/careers

What is SOFA Status?

SOFA stands for "status of forces agreement," which is an agreement between two countries, where one country allows the other to station its military forces within its borders.

The agreement between Japan and the U.S. gives U.S. military active duty and civilian personnel special privileges:

  • Exemption from Japanese visa and passport laws
  • Exemption from paying Japanese income tax
  • Driving privileges without needing to obtain a Japanese driver's license
  • Reduction in automobile tax rate

Most people, but not all, who are under SOFA in Japan, also receive:

  • Access to U.S. installations and their facilities (pool, gym, etc.)
  • Access to U.S. postal services on installations within Japan
  • Access to U.S. grocery stores and department stores on installations
  • Military housing
  • Access to the U.S. Navy Hospital
  • DoD ID card

How do you Obtain SOFA Status?

According to the U.S. Marine Corps Installations Pacific, SOFA status means that you belong to one of the following groups:

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  1. U.S. active-duty, given orders by the military to go to Japan
  2. U.S. civilian who is employed by the U.S. military or are employed by a private organization to do specific work for the military in Japan
  3. A dependent (spouse, children, step-children, adult children who are dependent, parent or parent-in-law who are dependent) of people who fall into number 1 or 2 above

In short, you need to be invited by the U.S. military to work in Japan. If you're in the military, that's through specific orders. If you're a civilian, you need to find a job either working directly for the government or for a company that holds a contract with the military.

Where to Look for SOFA Status Jobs in Okinawa

Here's a list I compiled of the most consistent employers on the island that will likely sponsor a SOFA:

OrganizationWebsite
Air Force Civilian Service Jobairforce.usajobs.gov
Marine Corps Community Servicescareers.usmc-mccs.org
Army Civilian Jobsarmycivilianservice.usajobs.gov
Federal Service General Scheduleusajobs.gov
Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA)dodea.edu
Army and Air Force Exchange Services (AAFES)publicaffairs-sme.com
Community Bankdodcommunitybank.com
Navy Federal Credit Unionnavyfederal.org
USOuso.org
University of Maryland, Asiacareers.umgc.edu
Northrop Grummanngc.taleo.net
Booz Allen Hamiltoncareers.boozallen.com

There are many other employers that will sponsor your SOFA status than what's listed above. Those companies are hard to list because it's a revolving door. Private companies have to bid on DoD contracts and those contracts can be for a limited time.

To find jobs with private companies contracted on base, major online job boards will probably be helpful.

Here are a couple of job boards to research jobs:

Indeed - indeed.com

For indeed, it's best to search by typing "Okinawa" in the "What" field rather than the "Where" field. If you type in the "Where" field, it will most likely bring you to the Japanese version of indeed.com and all the jobs will be off-base jobs in Okinawa, for Okinawan residents.

Also, if you're currently in Japan, you'll most likely be taken to the Japanese version right away. To get back to the U.S. site, follow these steps:

  1. Type in "California" in the field furthest to the right (closest to the blue button)
  2. Press the blue button
  3. You'll notice a link just under the search area and a little to the left; it will have a U.S. flag and read "California." Click that link.
  4. You'll be taken to the U.S. version of indeed.com
  5. Type in "Okinawa" in the "What" field and delete "California" in the "Where" field

Glassdoor - https://www.glassdoor.com

For glassdoor.com, it's helpful to try a couple of searches: "Okinawa" in the "Title, Keywords, or Company" field and a separate search with "Okinawa" in the "Location" field.

SOFA and Japanese Visa Consideration

An important thing to consider is Japan's permanent residence visa. For foreigners who want to live in Japan long-term, this visa is often sought after.

There are a few ways to get this visa, however, common ways are:

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  1. Get married to a Japanese national; after being married for 3 years and living in Japan for over a year.
  2. Live in Japan and hold a Japanese visa for 10 years

There are other ways, which you can learn about here.

The important thing to know, however, is that from my understanding, if you're in Japan under SOFA, you're technically not residing in Japan. So, you can't use this time to count toward the 10-year requirement. It's probably a good idea to talk to an immigration lawyer to learn more about this.

How Many Americans Live in Okinawa?

It's important to distinguish between Americans who are residents of Okinawa vs those who are here with the U.S. military.

For the most part, active-duty military are in Okinawa anywhere from 6-months to 3 years. For civilians working with the U.S. military, it's usually between 1 to 5 years.

There are some Americans associated with the military who have been here more than a decade, but they are by far the exception rather than the rule.

According to the U.S. Marines, 1st Marine Aircraft Wing, there are around 80,000 Americans here under SOFA: 30,000 active-duty military, 1,400 DoD civilians, 700 DoD teachers and staff, and about 25,000 accompanying family members.

However, if you add up all those pieces, it totals only 57,100; I'm not sure what categories the remaining 22,900 people fall into.

As for Americans who are residents in Japan, as of June, 2019, there were 2,744, according to the Ministry of Justice.

Conclusion

It's completely possible for Americans to live in Okinawa, but it's important to know that Okinawa is not U.S. territory. I hope this was a helpful starting point in your interest in living in Okinawa.

About Brian

Brian O'Sullivan, LMFT is a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. He has a small private practice providing counseling in Okinawa and online therapy in Japan to the adult, English-speaking population.

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FAQs

Can a US citizen live in Okinawa? ›

Conclusion. It's completely possible for Americans to live in Okinawa, but it's important to know that Okinawa is not U.S. territory.

Is Okinawa American friendly? ›

In fact, many tourists from mainland Japan come to Okinawa just to get a taste of American culture. Though Okinawa has had a rocky history with the U.S., Americans who travel or live here, are generally treated with respect from locals.

How many US citizens live in Okinawa? ›

The U.S. population in Okinawa approaches 80,000. Nearly 30,000 are active-duty military people from all four branches of the armed forces.

Does the US still own Okinawa? ›

The Amami Islands were returned to Japanese control in 1953. The remaining Ryukyu Islands were returned to Japan on June 17, 1971. America kept numerous U.S. military bases on the islands. There are 32 United States military bases on Okinawa Island by the U.S.-Japan alliance since 1951.

Can an American citizen move to Japan? ›

Can an American move to Japan? Yes. You can move to Japan from the US. You'll need to apply for the relevant visa for your situation, at the Japanese Embassy or Consulate² which is closest to your home.

Can a foreigner live in Okinawa? ›

Okinawa has the Far East's largest US base and more than 50,000 foreign military and civilian residents as well. There are many private houses for foreigners including those for U.S. military officials near the bases.

What is the crime rate in Okinawa Japan? ›

Crime rates in Okinawa, Japan
Level of crime17.76Very Low
Problem people using or dealing drugs23.91Low
Problem property crimes such as vandalism and theft31.05Low
Problem violent crimes such as assault and armed robbery21.05Low
Problem corruption and bribery23.96Low
8 more rows

What does it cost to live in Okinawa? ›

Family of four estimated monthly costs are 2,870$ (426,988¥) without rent. A single person estimated monthly costs are 808$ (120,193¥) without rent.
...
Cost of Living in Okinawa.
RestaurantsEdit
Bottle of Wine (Mid-Range)1,500.00¥
Domestic Beer (0.5 liter bottle)329.67¥
Imported Beer (12 oz small bottle)423.33¥
63 more rows

Is it expensive to live in Okinawa Japan? ›

The average cost of living in Okinawa is $1157, which is close to the world's average cost of living, ranked 4134th out of 9294 in our global list and 23rd out of 907 in Japan. The median after-tax salary is $2728, which is enough to cover living expenses for 2.4 months.

Where is the best place to live in Okinawa? ›

Sunabe, Chatan

Sunabe is a great little neighborhood along the seawall, which is about 1.4 miles in length. Many Americans live in this neighborhood, because it's proximity to Kadena Air Base and Camp Foster and because it's right on the water. Sunabe is a great place to surf, snorkel, dive, and fish.

Do Okinawans consider themselves Japanese? ›

First of all, Okinawa is a part of Japan. So what you call “people from Japan” include Okinawan people. Okinawans identify themselves as Japanese and speak Japanese.

Is Okinawa a nice place to live? ›

Okinawa is a great place to live and an awesome learning experience. You'll learn a lot about the Japanese culture and how they live, what they eat and you'll also learn about their language.

Why did US return Okinawa? ›

The Japanese government also agreed to pay the United States government $320,000,000 over the next five years. The goals of the agreement for the United States were to transfer sovereignty, ensure that the United States could help a democratic government, and ensure that Japan would not be able to endanger the peace.

Which country owns Okinawa? ›

During the Pacific War, Okinawa was the site of the only land battle in Japan that involved civilians. After the war, Okinawa was placed under the administration of the United States. In 1972, however, Okinawa was returned to Japanese administration. Okinawa remains under Japanese administration today.

What is the 2nd biggest military base in the US? ›

Fort Bragg's estimated area is 163,000 acres, which is 58,000 acres larger than the second biggest military base in the United States—Fort Campbell. To help you visualize.

How hard is it for an American to move to Japan? ›

The process of moving to Japan is easy as long as you are prepared. In general, expats can move most household goods into the country without a problem. It is a good idea to have an itemized list in both English and Japanese.

Can US citizens retire in Japan? ›

Bottom Line. Japan is a stunning destination and highly sought after by Americans who want to retire abroad. It is very difficult to gain residency in Japan, but if you do, it can be a great place to retire. The healthcare system is one of the best in the world.

How can I live in Japan permanently? ›

You can apply for Japan Permanent Residency if you fulfill the following requirements:
  • You have been living in Japan for a sufficient period of time. ...
  • You display good conduct. ...
  • You can support yourself financially. ...
  • You have paid Income Tax and other contributions in Japan.

Does Japan give citizenship to foreigners? ›

What are the conditions for naturalization? The general conditions for naturalization are as follows (Article 5 of the Japanese Nationality Act). The person must have been domiciled in Japan for five years or more consecutively and must have had a valid status of residence throughout the prescribed period of time.

Can you buy a house in Japan as a foreigner? ›

In Japan, unlike other countries, there are no restrictions for foreigners based on whether or not they have permanent resident status, Japanese nationality, or based on their visa type. This means that foreigners are allowed to own both land and buildings in Japan as real estate properties.

How can I live in Japan without a degree? ›

Specified Skills Visa

There are two ways to get this visa, with one being to pass an exam that measures Japanese language skills and industry-specific skills related to the area the applicant wants to work. The other way is to complete a three-year technical intern training program in Japan.

What is the most common crime in Japan? ›

The most frequently occurring crime in the nation has continued to be theft, making up more than 70 percent of the recorded cases.

How many US military bases are in Okinawa? ›

There are now 31 U.S. military installations on the island prefecture of Okinawa, which accounts for 70 percent of all U.S. military bases in Japan.

Is crime low in Japan? ›

According to a provisional National Police Agency summary of 2021 crime statistics in Japan, the number of reported crimes decreased by 7.5% year on year to 568,148, setting a new postwar record for the seventh consecutive year. Criminal offenses peaked in 2002 at 2.85 million and have decreased steadily ever since.

How much is a one bedroom apartment in Okinawa? ›

live and numbeo.com), here's the average rent in Okinawa as of November, 2020: 1 bedroom in city center: $606. 1 bedroom outside city center: $457. 3 bedroom in city center: $1,650.

How much is a meal in Okinawa? ›

Prices in restaurants in Okinawa.
Meal in a cheap restaurant1,000 JPY (800-1,200)
Meal for 2 People, Mid-range Restaurant, Three-course4,500 JPY (3,000-9,000)
McMeal at McDonalds (or Equivalent Combo Meal)800 JPY (700-971)
Domestic Beer (0.5 liter draught)500 JPY (300-622)
Imported Beer (0.33 liter bottle)500 JPY (400-870)
5 more rows

How is Okinawa different from Japan? ›

Situated in the East China Sea, Okinawa prefecture is a chain of islands located between Kyushu of Japan and Taiwan. Though a part of Japan, it's not geographically linked to any parts of the rest of Japan — making it the only prefecture that's not connected on the Japan Rail.

How many miles long is Okinawa Japan? ›

Okinawa Island is the largest in the Ryukyus, being about 70 miles (112 km) long and 7 miles (11 km) wide and having an area of 463 square miles (1,199 square km).

How much does it cost to live in Kyoto? ›

Summary about cost of living in Kyoto, Japan: Family of four estimated monthly costs are 2,930$ (432,685¥) without rent. A single person estimated monthly costs are 805$ (118,968¥) without rent. Kyoto is 45.45% less expensive than New York (without rent).

How do you spell Okinawa Japan? ›

the largest of the Ryukyu Islands, in the N Pacific, SW of Japan: taken by U.S. forces April–June 1945 in the last major amphibious campaign of World War II. 544 sq. mi.

Can you live off base in Japan? ›

DoD Civilian: All DoD unaccompanied civilian will reside off-base. DoD accompanied personnel has option to reside off base.

Can you live off base at Kadena AFB? ›

We have a “Live Where You Work Policy”. If the Occupancy Rate is 98% for both your Primary & Secondary Work Locations, you will be authorized to reside offbase.

Is Okinawa a good duty station? ›

Okinawa is one of the best duty stations you can get in the Marines. Many people fear/avoid it; but then never want to leave. One only has to at the huge ex-pat population of former Marines who marry out here and never return (and it's pretty significant). I've served two tours there, and it's my favorite.

Which is better Okinawa or Hawaii? ›

One thing is for sure: Hawaii is easier to travel for travelers who speak English and feel familiar to its culture. On the other hand, it is recommended to visit Okinawa if you want to experience undiscovered things.

What ethnicity is Okinawan? ›

The native Okinawans, densely populating the Ryukyus, are a mixture of Ainu, Malayan, Korean, Chinese, and Japanese stock. Okinawa itself has a population of approximately 450,000, mostly ethnic Okinawans and concentrated in the southern half of the island. For many centuries the islands were under Chinese domination.

How do you say hello in Okinawa? ›

Sample words
  1. Mensooree (めんそーれー) - Welcome, Hello (when receiving)
  2. Hai (はい) - Hello (gender neutral)
  3. Haisai (はいさい) - Hello (male only)
  4. Haitai (はいたい) - Hello (female only)
  5. Ganjyuu (がんじゅー) - Fine health (in greeting)
  6. Uchinaaguchi (沖縄口/うちなーぐち) - Okinawan language.
  7. Uchinaanchu (沖縄人/うちなーんちゅ) - Okinawan person.

Do they speak English in Okinawa? ›

Do people in Okinawa speak English? Japanese is the main language spoken in Okinawa, but some people can speak English, too. Most large hotels and tourist facilities have English-speaking staff or can provide assistance in English using multilingual information or communication tools.

How long does it take to drive around Okinawa? ›

If you're planning on only seeing the main island, Okinawa is good for 5 days or so for a comfortable pace of driving around and seeing the various sights all over the island. Bear in mind that while Okinawa island itself isn't huge, driving north to south takes up to 3 hours.

Do I need a passport to go to Okinawa? ›

Although not required, we recommend military members purchase their own tourist passport before arriving in Okinawa in case you would like to travel while here. However, all family members must have a valid passport.

How expensive is it to live in Okinawa? ›

Summary. Cost of living in Okinawa, Japan is $1,210 and it seems affordable according to the average monthly salary which is $2,032. For more living costs insights, check the list of prices for Restaurants, Markets, Transportation, Utilities, and 40 more categories.

What does it cost to live in Okinawa? ›

Family of four estimated monthly costs are 2,870$ (426,988¥) without rent. A single person estimated monthly costs are 808$ (120,193¥) without rent.
...
Cost of Living in Okinawa.
RestaurantsEdit
Bottle of Wine (Mid-Range)1,500.00¥
Domestic Beer (0.5 liter bottle)329.67¥
Imported Beer (12 oz small bottle)423.33¥
63 more rows

Is Okinawa, Japan a good place to live? ›

Okinawa is a great place to live and an awesome learning experience. You'll learn a lot about the Japanese culture and how they live, what they eat and you'll also learn about their language.

Where is the best place to live in Okinawa? ›

Sunabe, Chatan

Sunabe is a great little neighborhood along the seawall, which is about 1.4 miles in length. Many Americans live in this neighborhood, because it's proximity to Kadena Air Base and Camp Foster and because it's right on the water. Sunabe is a great place to surf, snorkel, dive, and fish.

How much is a one bedroom apartment in Okinawa? ›

live and numbeo.com), here's the average rent in Okinawa as of November, 2020: 1 bedroom in city center: $606. 1 bedroom outside city center: $457. 3 bedroom in city center: $1,650.

How much is a meal in Okinawa? ›

Prices in restaurants in Okinawa.
Meal in a cheap restaurant1,000 JPY (800-1,200)
Meal for 2 People, Mid-range Restaurant, Three-course4,500 JPY (3,000-9,000)
McMeal at McDonalds (or Equivalent Combo Meal)800 JPY (700-971)
Domestic Beer (0.5 liter draught)500 JPY (300-622)
Imported Beer (0.33 liter bottle)500 JPY (400-870)
5 more rows

What is the average cost for utilities in Okinawa? ›

Cost of Living in Okinawa
Cost of livingOne personFamily of 4
🏨 Rent & Utilities$546$898
🍽️ Food$464$1214
🚐 Transport$54$150
💳 Monthly salary after tax$2728
4 more rows

How is Okinawa different from Japan? ›

Situated in the East China Sea, Okinawa prefecture is a chain of islands located between Kyushu of Japan and Taiwan. Though a part of Japan, it's not geographically linked to any parts of the rest of Japan — making it the only prefecture that's not connected on the Japan Rail.

How many miles long is Okinawa Japan? ›

Okinawa Island is the largest in the Ryukyus, being about 70 miles (112 km) long and 7 miles (11 km) wide and having an area of 463 square miles (1,199 square km).

How much does it cost to live in Kyoto? ›

Summary about cost of living in Kyoto, Japan: Family of four estimated monthly costs are 2,930$ (432,685¥) without rent. A single person estimated monthly costs are 805$ (118,968¥) without rent. Kyoto is 45.45% less expensive than New York (without rent).

Do Okinawans consider themselves Japanese? ›

First of all, Okinawa is a part of Japan. So what you call “people from Japan” include Okinawan people. Okinawans identify themselves as Japanese and speak Japanese.

Is Okinawa still a blue zone? ›

Okinawa is one of the blue zones regions and has some of the highest life expectancy rates in the world.

Why do the people of Okinawa live so long? ›

Researchers attribute this risk reduction to eating fewer calories, consuming lots of fruits and vegetables, eating healthy fats, eating plenty of fiber and staying physically active. Their bones are healthy. Okinawans also have less risk of hip fractures than Americans.

Can you live off base in Japan? ›

DoD Civilian: All DoD unaccompanied civilian will reside off-base. DoD accompanied personnel has option to reside off base.

Can you live off base at Kadena AFB? ›

We have a “Live Where You Work Policy”. If the Occupancy Rate is 98% for both your Primary & Secondary Work Locations, you will be authorized to reside offbase.

Is Okinawa a good duty station? ›

Okinawa is one of the best duty stations you can get in the Marines. Many people fear/avoid it; but then never want to leave. One only has to at the huge ex-pat population of former Marines who marry out here and never return (and it's pretty significant). I've served two tours there, and it's my favorite.

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